Il y a quatre middoth dans le deoth (tempéraments): facilement en colère et facilement apaisés —son gain est annulé par sa perte; irrité avec difficulté et pacifié avec difficulté—sa perte est annulée par son gain. [Si quelqu'un est rapidement irrité par toutes choses, même s'il est facilement apaisé, sa perte est plus que son gain. Car la plupart de ses actes sont défectueux dans la mesure où il se met facilement en colère contre tout. Mais si l'on se met en colère avec difficulté, même s'il a le mal middah d'être pacifié avec difficulté, sa (relativement) petite perte, étant pacifiée avec difficulté, est annulée par son gain (relativement) plus grand, étant irrité avec difficulté, de sorte que la plupart de ses actes sont louables. Certaines versions sont à l'opposé de cela; mais cela semble être la bonne version.]; irrité avec difficulté et facilement apaisé—un chasid; facilement en colère et pacifié avec difficulté— un méchant.
Mesilat Yesharim
Our sages of blessed memory already said "verbal oppression is more severe than monetary oppression..." (ibid). This is even more so, if the shaming is done in public as we learned explicitly: "one who whitens his neighbor's face (shames him) publicly has no portion in the World to Come" (Avot 5:11), and Rabbi Chisda taught (Bava Metzia 59a): "all the gates [of prayer] were locked except the gates of [the cries of] verbal oppression". Rabbi Eliezer taught "for every sin, the Holy One, blessed be He, exacts payment through a messenger except for the sin of verbal oppression".
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Mesilat Yesharim
There is another angry type far from this. This person's wrath is not kindled for every thing, small or big, which does not happen according to his will. But when his threshold of anger is reached, he will erupt in great fury. This is what our sages, of blessed memory, said: "difficult to anger and difficult to appease" (Avot 5:11). This type is also certainly very evil, for great damage may happen through him during his [eruption] of anger, and he will no longer be able to straighten what he has made crooked.
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Orchot Tzadikim
Rabbi said : "There are four temperaments : Easily angered and easily pacified; his loss is cancelled out by his gain. Hard to anger and hard to pacify; his gain is cancelled out by his loss. Easily angered and hard to pacify is a wicked man. Hard to anger and easily pacified is a saintly man."
